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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements:
1. Relief rainfall is accompanied with lightning and thunder.
2. Convectional rainfall occurs in regions having continental type of climate.
3. More rainfall in coastal regions of Kerala than in central Tamilnadu is an example of
frontal rainfall.
Which of the statements is/are incorrect?
Correct
Ans c)
Statement 1 is incorrect: Convectional rainfall is accompanied with lightning and thunder.
Statement 3 is incorrect More rainfall in coastal regions of Kerala than in central Tamilnadu
is an example of relief rainfall.
Types of Rainfall
Convectional rainfall:
When the land surface is heated, light air in its contact rises up and convectional currents
are produced. When this warm and moist air reaches up to a certain height, it becomes
saturated and forms dark Cumulo-Nimbus clouds, which cause heavy rainfall. This rainfall is
accompanied with lightning and thunder.
This type of rainfall occurs in the equatorial belt, especially in the zone of Doldrums and
regions having continental type of climate.
Orographic or Relief Rainfall:
When warm and moist air is obstructed by any hill or plateau, it starts ascending along the
slope of the hill or plateau and gets cooled. As a result, it gets saturated and the process of
condensation starts. The slope which faces the warm and moist wind is called the windward
slope. It receives heavy rainfall.
On the opposite side, wind starts descending along the downward slope and becomes warm
and dry. Humidity decreases on this side and a little rainfall occurs. This region is thus, called
Rain Shadow region or Leeward slope.
Cyclonic or Frontal Rainfall:
The rainfall caused by cyclones is called Cyclonic rainfall. This type of rainfall or snowfall
generally occurs in the temperate cyclonic regions.
Cyclonic rainfall is caused due to ascending of moist air and adiabatic cooling caused by
convergence of two extensive air masses of entirely different physical properties (warm and
cold air mass).
In the temperate region, warm air is lifted upward along the front where the westerlies and
polar winds meet, whereas cold air being heavier settles down. The warm air lying over cold
air is cooled and gets saturated and condensation begins resulting into heavy rainfall.
Incorrect
Ans c)
Statement 1 is incorrect: Convectional rainfall is accompanied with lightning and thunder.
Statement 3 is incorrect More rainfall in coastal regions of Kerala than in central Tamilnadu
is an example of relief rainfall.
Types of Rainfall
Convectional rainfall:
When the land surface is heated, light air in its contact rises up and convectional currents
are produced. When this warm and moist air reaches up to a certain height, it becomes
saturated and forms dark Cumulo-Nimbus clouds, which cause heavy rainfall. This rainfall is
accompanied with lightning and thunder.
This type of rainfall occurs in the equatorial belt, especially in the zone of Doldrums and
regions having continental type of climate.
Orographic or Relief Rainfall:
When warm and moist air is obstructed by any hill or plateau, it starts ascending along the
slope of the hill or plateau and gets cooled. As a result, it gets saturated and the process of
condensation starts. The slope which faces the warm and moist wind is called the windward
slope. It receives heavy rainfall.
On the opposite side, wind starts descending along the downward slope and becomes warm
and dry. Humidity decreases on this side and a little rainfall occurs. This region is thus, called
Rain Shadow region or Leeward slope.
Cyclonic or Frontal Rainfall:
The rainfall caused by cyclones is called Cyclonic rainfall. This type of rainfall or snowfall
generally occurs in the temperate cyclonic regions.
Cyclonic rainfall is caused due to ascending of moist air and adiabatic cooling caused by
convergence of two extensive air masses of entirely different physical properties (warm and
cold air mass).
In the temperate region, warm air is lifted upward along the front where the westerlies and
polar winds meet, whereas cold air being heavier settles down. The warm air lying over cold
air is cooled and gets saturated and condensation begins resulting into heavy rainfall.
Question 2 of 10
2. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements regarding volcanoes:
1. The Deccan plateau in India is formed by the basaltic igneous rocks.
2. Laccolith is saucer shaped igneous intrusion.
3. Mount Semeru is situated between Java and Sumatra.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans a)
Statement 1 is correct: The Deccan plateau in India is formed by the extrusive/basaltic
igneous rocks.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Laccolith is dome shaped igneous intrusion.
Statement 3 is incorrect: Mount Semeru, is an active volcano located in East Java and is the
highest mountain on the island of Java.
Incorrect
Ans a)
Statement 1 is correct: The Deccan plateau in India is formed by the extrusive/basaltic
igneous rocks.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Laccolith is dome shaped igneous intrusion.
Statement 3 is incorrect: Mount Semeru, is an active volcano located in East Java and is the
highest mountain on the island of Java.
Question 3 of 10
3. Question
2 points
With reference to Karewas formation, consider the following statements:
1. They are lacustrine deposits.
2. Zafran – a famous variety of saffron is cultivated on these deposits.
3. They lie between the Pir Panjal Range and the Great Himalayan Range.
Which of the above statements are correct?
Correct
Ans d)
Karewas Formation
The word Karewa in Kashmiri dialect means, “elevated table-land.” These are lacustrine
deposits. Their formation is glacio- fluvial-lacustrine and aeolian loess of Plio-Pleistocene
age. Their location is in Jammu and Kashmir.
The thickness of Karewas is about 1400 m. It lies between the Pir Panjal Range and the
Great Himalayan Range, in Northwest India.
The Karewa deposits are composed of sand, silt, clay, shale, mud, lignite, gravel and loessic
sediments. Therefore, it is extremely important for agricultural and horticultural practices in
the valley.
The world-famous variety of saffron, which is locally known as zafron is cultivated on these
deposits. It also helps in the cultivation of almond, walnut, apple and orchards.
Incorrect
Ans d)
Karewas Formation
The word Karewa in Kashmiri dialect means, “elevated table-land.” These are lacustrine
deposits. Their formation is glacio- fluvial-lacustrine and aeolian loess of Plio-Pleistocene
age. Their location is in Jammu and Kashmir.
The thickness of Karewas is about 1400 m. It lies between the Pir Panjal Range and the
Great Himalayan Range, in Northwest India.
The Karewa deposits are composed of sand, silt, clay, shale, mud, lignite, gravel and loessic
sediments. Therefore, it is extremely important for agricultural and horticultural practices in
the valley.
The world-famous variety of saffron, which is locally known as zafron is cultivated on these
deposits. It also helps in the cultivation of almond, walnut, apple and orchards.
Question 4 of 10
4. Question
2 points
Which of the following can be the causes of an Earthquake in India?
1. Movement of Indian plate towards the Eurasian plate
2. Construction of Big Dams
3. Landslides due to anthropogenic activities
4. Nuclear test explosions
Select the correct answer:
Correct
Ans d)
Incorrect
Ans d)
Question 5 of 10
5. Question
2 points
Which of the statements is/are correct regarding Insequent Drainage System?
1. These are the streams which do not follow the regional slopes and drain across the
geological structures.
2. Those streams which originated prior to the upliftment of land surface are called
Superimposed Stream.
Select the correct answer:
Correct
Ans a)
Statement 2 is incorrect: Those streams which originated prior to the upliftment of land
surface are called Antecedent Streams.
Insequent Drainage System:
The streams which do not follow the regional slopes and drain across the geological
structures are called Insequent or Inconsequent streams.
Antecedent and Superimposed streams are the best examples of insequent drainage
system.
Antecedent Streams:
Antecedent Streams are those which originated prior to the upliftment of land surface. They
maintain their present courses through continuously cutting down their valleys. The Indus,
Satluj, Ganga, Brahmaputra etc. are antecedent streams
Superimposed Stream:
Superimposed Stream means a river which, flows on a definite geological formation and
structure, has inherited the characteristics of its previous form developed on the upper
geological formation of entirely different structural characteristics.
Incorrect
Ans a)
Statement 2 is incorrect: Those streams which originated prior to the upliftment of land
surface are called Antecedent Streams.
Insequent Drainage System:
The streams which do not follow the regional slopes and drain across the geological
structures are called Insequent or Inconsequent streams.
Antecedent and Superimposed streams are the best examples of insequent drainage
system.
Antecedent Streams:
Antecedent Streams are those which originated prior to the upliftment of land surface. They
maintain their present courses through continuously cutting down their valleys. The Indus,
Satluj, Ganga, Brahmaputra etc. are antecedent streams
Superimposed Stream:
Superimposed Stream means a river which, flows on a definite geological formation and
structure, has inherited the characteristics of its previous form developed on the upper
geological formation of entirely different structural characteristics.
Question 6 of 10
6. Question
2 points
Which of the following features are formed in the Middle Course (Stage of Maturity)
of a river?
1. Piedmont alluvial plains
2. Meanders
3. Rapids
4. Gorges
5. Braided Channels
Select the correct answer below:
Correct
Ans a)
Statement 3 and 4 are incorrect: Upper Course / Stage of Youth: Waterfalls, rapids, and
gorges exist where the local hard rock bodies are exposed.
Statement 5 is incorrect: Lower Course/ Stage of Old: Landforms like braided channels,
floodplains, levees, meanders, oxbow lakes, deltas etc. can be seen at this stage.
Incorrect
Ans a)
Statement 3 and 4 are incorrect: Upper Course / Stage of Youth: Waterfalls, rapids, and
gorges exist where the local hard rock bodies are exposed.
Statement 5 is incorrect: Lower Course/ Stage of Old: Landforms like braided channels,
floodplains, levees, meanders, oxbow lakes, deltas etc. can be seen at this stage.
Question 7 of 10
7. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements regarding the Caledonian Mountains:
1. These are the most ancient mountains, but due to excessive weathering and erosion,
they are partially found.
2. These are named after the ancient Caledonian Mountains of USA.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans d)
Statement 1 is incorrect: Pre-Cambrian Mountains are the most ancient mountains, but due
to excessive weathering and erosion, they are partially found. Caledonian Mountains are the
mountains formed during Silurian and Devonian periods of Paleozoic era.
Statement 2 is incorrect: These are named after the ancient Caledonian Mountains of
Scotland.
Pre-Cambrian Mountains:
These are the most ancient mountains, but due to excessive weathering and erosion, they
are partially found.
Mountains of this period include Laurentian Mountains (USA), Algoman Mountains,
Kilarnean mountains etc.
Fennoscandia and North-west Highlands of Europe are also Pre-Cambrian Mountains.
Aravalli Mountains of lndia also is one of the examples of this period.
Caledonian Mountains:
These are the mountains formed during Silurian and Devonian periods of Paleozoic era.
These are named after the ancient Caledonian Mountains of Scotland.
Examples of the mountains of this period are Taconic Mountains of the Appalachian system,
mountains of Scotland, Ireland and Scandinavia (Europe), Brazilides of South America, and
Vindhyachal, Mahadeo, Satpura ranges of India etc
Incorrect
Ans d)
Statement 1 is incorrect: Pre-Cambrian Mountains are the most ancient mountains, but due
to excessive weathering and erosion, they are partially found. Caledonian Mountains are the
mountains formed during Silurian and Devonian periods of Paleozoic era.
Statement 2 is incorrect: These are named after the ancient Caledonian Mountains of
Scotland.
Pre-Cambrian Mountains:
These are the most ancient mountains, but due to excessive weathering and erosion, they
are partially found.
Mountains of this period include Laurentian Mountains (USA), Algoman Mountains,
Kilarnean mountains etc.
Fennoscandia and North-west Highlands of Europe are also Pre-Cambrian Mountains.
Aravalli Mountains of lndia also is one of the examples of this period.
Caledonian Mountains:
These are the mountains formed during Silurian and Devonian periods of Paleozoic era.
These are named after the ancient Caledonian Mountains of Scotland.
Examples of the mountains of this period are Taconic Mountains of the Appalachian system,
mountains of Scotland, Ireland and Scandinavia (Europe), Brazilides of South America, and
Vindhyachal, Mahadeo, Satpura ranges of India etc
Question 8 of 10
8. Question
2 points
21. Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding Fjord Coasts?
1. These are formed due to submergence of uplands carved by rivers under the sea.
2. The northern part of the western coast of India is an example of Fjord-coast.
Select the correct answer below:
Correct
Ans a)
Statement 1 is incorrect: Ria-coasts are formed due to submergence of uplands carved by
rivers under the sea.
Statement 2 is incorrect: The northern part of the western coast of India is a fine example of
Ria-coasts.
Major types of coasts are:
Fjord Coast:
When glaciated upland is partially submerged under the seawater, fjord coast is formed.
Fjord coasts have wall like margins. The Norway coast is a fine example of fjord coast. Here,
we find Sogne fjord which is the longest fjord in the world.
Ria Coast:
Ria-coasts are formed due to submergence of uplands carved by rivers under the sea. Sides
of these coasts are like walls of V-shaped valleys. These get deeper as one move towards
the sea. The northern part of the western coast of India is a fine example of Ria-coasts.
Dalmatian Coast:
It is formed when the coastlines of parallel or concordant mountains subsides into the front
sea. It is named after Dalmatian coast of Crotia. Dalmatian coast is a long, narrow inlet
parallel to the coast. The best example is Dalmatian coast of Crotia.
Incorrect
Ans a)
Statement 1 is incorrect: Ria-coasts are formed due to submergence of uplands carved by
rivers under the sea.
Statement 2 is incorrect: The northern part of the western coast of India is a fine example of
Ria-coasts.
Major types of coasts are:
Fjord Coast:
When glaciated upland is partially submerged under the seawater, fjord coast is formed.
Fjord coasts have wall like margins. The Norway coast is a fine example of fjord coast. Here,
we find Sogne fjord which is the longest fjord in the world.
Ria Coast:
Ria-coasts are formed due to submergence of uplands carved by rivers under the sea. Sides
of these coasts are like walls of V-shaped valleys. These get deeper as one move towards
the sea. The northern part of the western coast of India is a fine example of Ria-coasts.
Dalmatian Coast:
It is formed when the coastlines of parallel or concordant mountains subsides into the front
sea. It is named after Dalmatian coast of Crotia. Dalmatian coast is a long, narrow inlet
parallel to the coast. The best example is Dalmatian coast of Crotia.
Question 9 of 10
9. Question
2 points
22. Consider the following statements:
1. Relative humidity is directly proportional to temperature, while absolute humidity is
inversely proportional to temperature.
2. The lower Gangetic plain is characterized by humid climate with high temperature
throughout the year.
Which of the above statement is/are correct?
Correct
Ans b)
Statement 1 is incorrect: As air temperature increases air can hold more water molecules
and its relative humidity decreases. Absolute humidity is a measure of the actual amount of
water vapor in the air, regardless of the air's temperature.
Humidity
Absolute humidity is ratio between the weight of vapour per unit volume of air expressed as
gram per cubic metre of air.
Relative humidity is the ratio between the amount of moisture, which the air can hold at a
given temperature, and the amount it actually holds. As air temperature increases air can
hold more water molecules and its relative humidity decreases. When temperature drop,
relative humidity increases.
Incorrect
Ans b)
Statement 1 is incorrect: As air temperature increases air can hold more water molecules
and its relative humidity decreases. Absolute humidity is a measure of the actual amount of
water vapor in the air, regardless of the air's temperature.
Humidity
Absolute humidity is ratio between the weight of vapour per unit volume of air expressed as
gram per cubic metre of air.
Relative humidity is the ratio between the amount of moisture, which the air can hold at a
given temperature, and the amount it actually holds. As air temperature increases air can
hold more water molecules and its relative humidity decreases. When temperature drop,
relative humidity increases.
Question 10 of 10
10. Question
2 points
Geomagnetism is the study of the dynamics of the Earth’s magnetic field, which is
produced in the inner core.
Consider the following statements regarding Geomagnetism:
1. There is a periodic reversal and excursion of geomagnetic field at a particular time
interval.
2. The rocks of similar magnetic properties which are equidistant on both sides of
midoceanic ridge prove the phenomenon of geomagnetism.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans c)
Geomagnetism:
Geomagnetism is the study of the dynamics of the magnetic field of the earth, which is
produced in the inner core.
The Earth’s magnetic field is a geo-axial dipole, with north and south magnetic poles located
near the geographic poles that undergo periodic reversals and excursions.
The Sea floor spreading theory propounded by Herry Hess explains the concept of
geomagnetism. The rocks which were formed in same geological time period were
equidistant on both sides of midoceanic ridge.
Incorrect
Ans c)
Geomagnetism:
Geomagnetism is the study of the dynamics of the magnetic field of the earth, which is
produced in the inner core.
The Earth’s magnetic field is a geo-axial dipole, with north and south magnetic poles located
near the geographic poles that undergo periodic reversals and excursions.
The Sea floor spreading theory propounded by Herry Hess explains the concept of
geomagnetism. The rocks which were formed in same geological time period were
equidistant on both sides of midoceanic ridge.