Schistura densiclava
Context
A new species of cave-dwelling loach, Schistura densiclava, has been discovered in the Krem Mawjymbuin cave, located in the East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya. This discovery adds to India’s rich subterranean biodiversity.
About Schistura densiclava
| Feature | Description |
| Taxonomy | Belongs to the Nemacheilidae family (stone loaches) |
| Type | Troglophile: can live in both cave (hypogean) and surface (epigean) waters |
| Pigmentation | Retains pigmentation and functional eyes — unlike most cave species |
| Scientific Name Meaning | Densiclava = “thick stripe” (Latin), referring to the prominent dorsal stripe |
Habitat Characteristics
| Parameter | Details |
| Location | Krem Mawjymbuin Cave, East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya |
| Altitude | 206 meters above sea level |
| Microhabitat | Fast-flowing stream, ~60 meters inside the cave |
| Water Conditions | Temperature ~18°C, low dissolved oxygen — typical of subterranean streams |
🔬 Morphological Features
| Feature | Description |
| Body Color | Pale yellow-green with 14–20 vertical black/grey bars |
| Distinct Stripe | Thick dark stripe near the dorsal fin (namesake feature) |
| Sexual Dimorphism | Males: Slimmer with irregular patterns & puffier cheeks; Females: Sturdier with consistent bars |
Ecological & Conservation Significance
| Point | Insight |
| Endemism | Restricted to a single cave — high conservation value |
| Biodiversity Significance | 6th cave fish species recorded in Meghalaya, reaffirming its subterranean biodiversity hotspot status |
| Genetic Analysis | Confirms it is a distinct and previously unrecorded species |
| Conservation Needs | Protection of cave habitats from pollution, tourism, and mining threats |
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Daily Current Affairs – 8th October 2022
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