India’s G20 Presidency

A G20 presidency to amplify South Asia’s voice

#GS-02 International Relations

For Prelims

G20

  • G20 is a global strategic platform that aims to bring together the world’s biggest industrialised and emerging economies.
  • It has the critical role of ensuring global economic growth and prosperity now and in the future.
  • The G20 countries together account for more than 60% of the world’s population, 75% of international trade, and 80% of global GDP.
  • The forum began in 1999 as a meeting of finance ministers and central bank governors, and has since grown into a yearly summit of heads of states.
  • Each country in the G20 is represented by its Sherpa, who plans, guides, implements, etc. on behalf of the leader of their respective country.

Members of G 20

From Asia
  • China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia.
From Africa
  • South Africa
From Europe
  • France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Turkey, the United Kingdom, European Union.
From North America
  • Canada, Mexico, United States.
From South America
  • Argentina, Brazil.
From Oceania
  • Australia

 

For Mains

India’s Presidency

  • India will occupy the G20 presidency from December 1, 2022, until November 30, 2023.
  • The presidency of the G20 rotates every year among its members.
  • The country that holds the presidency working together with its predecessor and successor to ensure the continuity of the agenda in a grouping known as Troika.
  • Currently Indonesia, India, and Brazil are the Troika countries.

India’s focus

India has identified several priorities, Such as

  • green development, climate finance and LiFE (lifestyle for environment);
  • accelerated, inclusive and resilient growth;
  • accelerating progress on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs);
  • technological transformation and digital public infrastructure;
  • multilateral reforms; and women-led development.

Need to focus on South Asia

  • 63% of the region’s emissions of greenhouse gases come from energy generation which shows that the majority of South Asian nations produce their energy from fossil fuels.
  • Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is used to meet 70% of the energy needs of Bangladesh, while coal generates roughly 70% of the electricity produced in India.
  • This shows that global cooperation needs to go beyond technology transfers and financial aid to cover losses and damages brought on by climate change.
  • India has been granted the ability to make the G20 an effective platform but also to be the voice of billions in the region and beyond.

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