01 July 2023 Static Quiz

Correct Answer: B
Explanation
Option B is correct.
• The 58th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1987 inserted a new Article 394- A in the last part of the Constitution i.e., Part XXII2. This article contains the following provisions:
1. The President shall cause to be published under his authority:
(i) The translation of the Constitution in Hindi language. The modifications which are necessary to bring it in conformity with the language, style and terminology adopted in the authoritative texts of the Central Acts in Hindi can be made in it. All the amendments of the Constitution made before such publication should be incorporated in it.
(ii) The translation in Hindi of every amendment of the constitution made in English.
3. The translation of the Constitution and its every amendment published shall be construed to have the same meaning as the original text in English. If any difficulty arises in this matter, the President shall cause the Hindi text to be revised suitably.
4. The translation of the Constitution and its every amendment published shall be deemed to be, for all purposes, its authoritative text in Hindi.

Correct Answer: B
Explanation
Statements 1 and 2 are correct. statement 3 is incorrect.
• Articles 214 to 231 in Part VI of the Constitution deal with the organisation, independence, jurisdiction, powers, procedures and so on of the high courts.
• The high court occupies the top position in the judicial administration of a state. In the Indian single integrated judicial system, the high court operates below the Supreme Court but above the subordinate courts. The judiciary in a state consists of a high court and a hierarchy of subordinate courts. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• The institution of high court originated in India in 1862 when the high courts were set up at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras. In 1866, a fourth high court was established at Allahabad. In the course of time, each province in British India came to have its own high court. After 1950, a high court existing in a province became the high court for the corresponding state. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• The Constitution of India provides for a high court for each state, but the Seventh Amendment Act of 1956 Authorised the Parliament to establish a common high court for two or more states or for two or more states and a union territory. The territorial jurisdiction of a high court is coterminous with the territory of a state. Similarly, the territorial jurisdiction of a common high court is co-terminus with the territories of the concerned states and union territory. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.

Correct Answer: D
Explanation
Both the statements are incorrect.
• Every high court (whether exclusive or common) consists of a chief justice and such other judges as the president may from time to time deem necessary to appoint. Thus, the Constitution does not specify the strength of a high court and leaves it to the discretion of the president. Accordingly, the President determines the strength of a high court from time to time depending upon its workload.
• The Chief Justice is appointed by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the state concerned. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• In case of a common high court for two or more states, the governors of all the states concerned are consulted by the president.
• The Constitution has not prescribed a minimum age for appointment as a judge of a high court. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

Correct Answer: B
Explanation
Statements 2 and 3 are correct. Statement 1 is incorrect.
• The district judge is the highest judicial authority in the district. He possesses original and appellate jurisdiction in both civil as well as criminal matters. In other words, the district judge is also the sessions judge. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• The district judge exercises both judicial and administrative powers. He also has supervisory powers over all the subordinate courts in the district. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• The sessions judge has the power to impose any sentence including life imprisonment and capital punishment (death sentence). However, a capital punishment passed by him is subject to confirmation by the High Court, whether there is an appeal or not. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Correct Answer: B
Explanation
• Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is incorrect. According to Article 124, The Constitution lays down a rigorous procedure for removal of a judge of the Supreme Court or high court and can be initiated only on grounds of proved misbehaviour or incapacity. Statement 1 is correct.
• Article 124(4) says, “A Judge of the Supreme Court shall not be removed from his office except by an order of the President passed after an address by each House of Parliament supported by a majority of the total membership of that House and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of that House present and voting
• Statement 2 is incorrect. For initiating the impeachment process, a motion has to be moved by either 100 Lok Sabha members or 50 Rajya Sabha MPs. If the motion is admitted, the Speaker of the Lok Sabha or Chairman of the Rajya Sabha will constitute an inquiry committee.
• If the inquiry committee finds that the judge is not guilty, then there is no further action. If it finds him guilty, then the House of Parliament which initiated the motion may consider continuing with the motion.
• Statement 3 is correct. Article 124(4) states the Motion passed after an address by each House of Parliament supported by a majority of the total membership of that House and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of that House present and voting is presented to the President in the same session for such removal on the ground of proved misbehavior or incapacity, then only the Judge stands impeached.