UPSC Current affairs - Nuclear Power Plants

Nuclear Power Plants

Context:

• Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) Science & Technology Dr Jitendra Singh said that the Government has accorded ‘In-Principle’ approval for five new sites for locating nuclear power plants in future.

About:

• The Government has accorded administrative approval and financial sanction for construction of 10 indigenous 700 MW Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) to be set up in fleet.
• There are presently 22 reactors with a total capacity of 6780 MW in operation and one reactor, KAPP-3 (700 MW) has been connected to the grid on January 10, 2021.
• In addition, there are 10 reactors (Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant (KKNPP) 3&4, KKNPP 5&6 – 4×1000 =4000 MW, 5 indigenous PHWR of 700 MW – 3500 MW, 500 MW PFBR) which are various stages of construction, which will add a total capacity of 8000 MW.
• Further in order to produce fuel for all indigenous PHWRs, Fuel fabrication capacity is augmented in the facilities available at Nuclear Fuel Complex (NFC), Hyderabad and the upcoming facilities at Nuclear Fuel Complex (NFC), Kota, Rajasthan in order to match with the requirement of existing PHWRs and upcoming PHWRs.
• The requirement of uranium for domestic safeguarded nuclear reactors are met by indigenously mined and produced uranium.
• Moreover, Natural Uranium Ore Concentrate (UOC) is being procured from countries having Inter Governmental Agreement for supply of nuclear fuel. Efforts have been made to procure nuclear fuel from Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Canada.

PHWR:

• A pressurized heavy-water reactor (PHWR) is a nuclear reactor that uses heavy water (deuterium oxide D2O) as its coolant and neutron moderator. PHWRs frequently use natural uranium as fuel, but sometimes also use very low enriched uranium.

Source: THE HINDU.