Daily Static Affairs – 17 September 2022

Ans a)
Kaladan is a river which flows through State of Mizoram, and in Chin State and Rakhine State
of Myanmar. The Kaladan River is called the Chhimtuipui River in India. Kaladan Multi-Modal
Transit Transport Project is a multimillion-dollar connectivity project connecting the eastern
Indian seaport of Kolkata with Sittwe seaport in Rakhine State, Myanmar by sea. In
Myanmar, it will then link Sittwe seaport to Paletwa in Chin State via the Kaladan river boat
route, and then from Paletwa by road to Mizoram state in Northeast India.

Ans d)
The term blizzard describes a violent snowstorm characterized by strong winds, cold
temperatures, and reduced visibility due to falling or blowing snow.
According to U.S. National Weather Service, to be classified as a ‘blizzard’ there must be:
1. There is sustained wind or frequent gusts of 35 miles per hour or greater.
2. There is falling and/or blowing snow, frequently reducing visibility to less than one-
quarter of a mile.
3. The conditions must persist for a minimum of three hours.

Ans a)
Gravitational force is always attractive while Electromagnetic force can be both attractive
and repulsive. The same charges repel each other while opposite charges attract. Hence
statement 1 is correct.
The electromagnetic force is not dependent upon mass. Hence statement 2 is not correct.
The gravitational force between two bodies is directly proportionate to the product of
masses of the two objects and inversely proportionate to the square of the distance
between them. The electromagnetic force between two bodies is directly proportionate to
the product of charges of the two objects and inversely proportionate to the square of the
distance between them. Hence statement 3 is not correct.

As c)

Ans d)
The Chandrasekhar limit is the maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star. The currently
accepted value of the Chandrasekhar limit is about 1.4 times the mass of sun.
A white dwarf is a very dense celestial body with a mass that is comparable to the Sun's, and
volume comparable to the Earth's.
White dwarfs are thought to be the final evolutionary state of stars whose mass is not high
enough to become a neutron star or black hole.
If a red giant has insufficient mass, an inert mass of carbon and oxygen will build up at its
center. After such a star sheds its outer layers and forms a planetary nebula, it will leave
behind a core, which is the remnant white dwarf.

Ans b)
The northern lights are called aurora borealis while southern lights are called aurora
australis.
The typical aurora is caused by collisions between fast-moving electrons from space with
the oxygen and nitrogen in Earth ‘s upper atmosphere.

Ans b)
Northern parts of Canada represent Arctic type of climate. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.
The undergrowth in both equatorial rain and coniferous forests is not very dense. Hence
statement 4 is incorrect

And a)
Boreal forests or the Evergreen forests of the North (known as Taiga in Russia)
Region: South of the Arctic tundra (discussed below); Northern latitudes between 50° and
60°N; Biome of this type is not found in the south polar region.
Countries: Russia has the largest area (two-thirds) followed by Canada. The US (Alaska) and
the Scandinavian countries have much less.
Distinguishing features:
 Largest biome.
 Needle leaves have a minimum surface area in order to minimize loss of moisture
during winter.
 A main global source of industrial wood and fibre.

Ans c)
Statement 1 is incorrect: Convectional rainfall is accompanied with lightning and thunder.
Statement 3 is incorrect More rainfall in coastal regions of Kerala than in central Tamilnadu
is an example of relief rainfall.

Types of Rainfall
Convectional rainfall:
When the land surface is heated, light air in its contact rises up and convectional currents
are produced. When this warm and moist air reaches up to a certain height, it becomes
saturated and forms dark Cumulo-Nimbus clouds, which cause heavy rainfall. This rainfall is
accompanied with lightning and thunder.
This type of rainfall occurs in the equatorial belt, especially in the zone of Doldrums and
regions having continental type of climate.
Orographic or Relief Rainfall:
When warm and moist air is obstructed by any hill or plateau, it starts ascending along the
slope of the hill or plateau and gets cooled. As a result, it gets saturated and the process of
condensation starts. The slope which faces the warm and moist wind is called the windward
slope. It receives heavy rainfall.
On the opposite side, wind starts descending along the downward slope and becomes warm
and dry. Humidity decreases on this side and a little rainfall occurs. This region is thus, called
Rain Shadow region or Leeward slope.

Cyclonic or Frontal Rainfall:
The rainfall caused by cyclones is called Cyclonic rainfall. This type of rainfall or snowfall
generally occurs in the temperate cyclonic regions.

Cyclonic rainfall is caused due to ascending of moist air and adiabatic cooling caused by
convergence of two extensive air masses of entirely different physical properties (warm and
cold air mass).
In the temperate region, warm air is lifted upward along the front where the westerlies and
polar winds meet, whereas cold air being heavier settles down. The warm air lying over cold
air is cooled and gets saturated and condensation begins resulting into heavy rainfall.

Ans a)
Statement 1 is correct: The Deccan plateau in India is formed by the extrusive/basaltic
igneous rocks.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Laccolith is dome shaped igneous intrusion.
Statement 3 is incorrect: Mount Semeru, is an active volcano located in East Java and is the
highest mountain on the island of Java.