With reference to Gaganyaan Mission, consider the following statements:

1. The SOLVE (Sub-Orbital Launch Vehicle for Experiments) is developed to validate the parachute-based deceleration system of the Gaganyaan Crew Module.
2. The SOLVE vehicle is derived from the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) strap-on motor with suitable modifications.
3. During SOLVE test missions, the Crew Module is carried to an altitude of 100–120 km before parachute deployment.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the constitutional provisions relating to the language used in legislative bodies in India, consider the following statements:

1. Under the Constitution, Parliament may conduct its business only in Hindi and English.
2. A member of either House of Parliament may be permitted to address the House in his or her mother tongue under certain circumstances.
3. A State Legislature may conduct its business in one or more official languages of the State, Hindi, or English.
4. The Constitution explicitly recognises Hindi as the National Language of India.

How many of the above statements are correct?

A person born in India possesses the following documents:

• Aadhaar Card
• Voter Identity Card
• Indian Passport

During an electoral roll verification exercise, doubts arise regarding the person's citizenship.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. Possession of an Aadhaar Card conclusively establishes Indian citizenship.
2. An Indian Passport is ordinarily issued only to Indian citizens, though in exceptional cases it may also be issued to a non-citizen in public interest.
3. The Election Commission itself may finally adjudicate disputed questions of citizenship.
4. The Election Commission may examine citizenship for deciding electoral roll eligibility and may refer unresolved cases to the competent authority under the Citizenship Act.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

With reference to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), consider the following statements:

1. It operates near the Sun–Earth L2 Lagrange Point, where the combined gravitational influence of the Earth and the Sun enables relatively stable operations.
2. It is primarily designed to observe the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
3. Unlike the Hubble Space Telescope, the James Webb Space Telescope orbits the Earth in a low-Earth orbit.
4. One of its scientific objectives is to study the atmospheres of exoplanets.

How many of the above statements are correct?

A dairy cooperative operating in north-western India seeks to minimise climate-induced declines in milk production among its livestock. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate based on current scientific understanding?

1. Replacing indigenous cattle breeds with high-yield cross-bred cattle in heatwave-prone regions.
2. Integrating the Temperature–Humidity Index (THI) and Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) into an early warning system.
3. Establishing wallowing ponds and adopting microclimate modification measures such as sprinklers and foggers.
4. Promoting thermo-tolerant breeding programmes based on Bos indicus traits.

Select the correct answer using the code given below: