30th October 2023 Current affairs Quiz for UPSC Prelims
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
2 points
With reference to “White phosphorus” which of the following statements are correct?
1. It is a highly combustible chemical that burns quickly and brightly when exposed to air.
2. It is classified as a chemical weapon because of its high toxicity.
3. It is not found naturally but is produced from phosphate rocks.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Correct
Answer: C
Explanation – Statements 1 is correct. White phosphorus is a waxy, yellowish-to-clear chemical with a pungent, garlic-like odour. It is a highly combustible chemical that burns quickly and brightly when exposed to air. It can be deployed through artillery shells, bombs, rockets or grenades. It is used primarily to create a smokescreen at night or during the day to hide the visual movement of troops.
Statement 3 is correct. White phosphorus is not found naturally, but is produced from a mineral called apatite, which is a phosphate mineral found in phosphate rocks. The process of producing white phosphorus involves heating apatite to extremely high temperatures in the absence of oxygen, and the phosphorus is then collected as a white, waxy substance.
Statement 2 is incorrect. White phosphorus is not considered a chemical weapon because it operates primarily by heat and flame rather than toxicity.
Incorrect
Answer: C
Explanation – Statements 1 is correct. White phosphorus is a waxy, yellowish-to-clear chemical with a pungent, garlic-like odour. It is a highly combustible chemical that burns quickly and brightly when exposed to air. It can be deployed through artillery shells, bombs, rockets or grenades. It is used primarily to create a smokescreen at night or during the day to hide the visual movement of troops.
Statement 3 is correct. White phosphorus is not found naturally, but is produced from a mineral called apatite, which is a phosphate mineral found in phosphate rocks. The process of producing white phosphorus involves heating apatite to extremely high temperatures in the absence of oxygen, and the phosphorus is then collected as a white, waxy substance.
Statement 2 is incorrect. White phosphorus is not considered a chemical weapon because it operates primarily by heat and flame rather than toxicity.
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements:
1. E-rupee is a cryptocurrency issued by the Indian government.
2. The e-rupee is different from other digital payment methods, such as UPI, in that it is a direct liability of the RBI.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Correct
Answer: B
Exp: Statement 1 is incorrect. E-rupee is a digital currency issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as a central bank digital currency (CBDC). It is a CBDC, which means that it is issued and regulated by the central bank. Cryptocurrencies, on the other hand, are decentralized and not backed by any government or central bank.
Statement 2 is correct. The e-rupee is different from other digital payment methods, such as UPI and Paytm, in that it is a direct liability of the RBI. This means that it is backed by the full faith and credit of the government of India. The e-rupee is also different from cryptocurrencies in that it is not decentralized and is not subject to the volatility of the cryptocurrency market.
Incorrect
Answer: B
Exp: Statement 1 is incorrect. E-rupee is a digital currency issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as a central bank digital currency (CBDC). It is a CBDC, which means that it is issued and regulated by the central bank. Cryptocurrencies, on the other hand, are decentralized and not backed by any government or central bank.
Statement 2 is correct. The e-rupee is different from other digital payment methods, such as UPI and Paytm, in that it is a direct liability of the RBI. This means that it is backed by the full faith and credit of the government of India. The e-rupee is also different from cryptocurrencies in that it is not decentralized and is not subject to the volatility of the cryptocurrency market.
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
2 points
The Amazon rainforest has been experiencing a severe drought in the last few years.Which of the following are the primary/direct reasons behind the drought in the Amazon?
1. El Nino Effect
2. High Atlantic Ocean Temperatures
3. North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)
4. La Niña Effect
5. Volcanic Eruptions
Select the correct code given below:
Correct
Answer: B
Explanation – The NAO is a climate pattern that affects the Atlantic Ocean, but its impact on the Amazon is indirect. The NAO affects the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which is a band of low pressure that influences the movement of moisture in the atmosphere. When the ITCZ moves away from the Amazon, it can result in less rainfall and increased risk of drought.
Volcanic eruptions can release large amounts of ash and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. This can block out the sun and reduce rainfall. However, volcanic eruptions are not a major cause of the Amazon drought.
La Niña is a cooling phase of ENSO that can lead to increased rainfall in the Amazon whereas the opposite happens in El Nino.
High Atlantic Ocean Temperatures: The northern tropical Atlantic Ocean has unusually warm waters. When this warm water heats the air, it moves to the Amazon. This heated air stops clouds from forming and reduces rain.
Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation – The NAO is a climate pattern that affects the Atlantic Ocean, but its impact on the Amazon is indirect. The NAO affects the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which is a band of low pressure that influences the movement of moisture in the atmosphere. When the ITCZ moves away from the Amazon, it can result in less rainfall and increased risk of drought.
Volcanic eruptions can release large amounts of ash and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. This can block out the sun and reduce rainfall. However, volcanic eruptions are not a major cause of the Amazon drought.
La Niña is a cooling phase of ENSO that can lead to increased rainfall in the Amazon whereas the opposite happens in El Nino.
High Atlantic Ocean Temperatures: The northern tropical Atlantic Ocean has unusually warm waters. When this warm water heats the air, it moves to the Amazon. This heated air stops clouds from forming and reduces rain.
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
2 points
Which crops among the following have experienced a rise in production during the period of 2022-23?
1. Paddy
2. Wheat
3. Pulses
4. Sugarcane
5. Cotton
Select the correct code given below:
Correct
Answer: B
Explanation – According to the Third Advance Estimates for 2022-23 released by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, the following crops have experienced a rise in production during the period of 2022-23:
1. Rice: 135.5 million tonnes (up 6.7 million tonnes from 2021-22)
2. Wheat: 112.7 million tonnes (up 5 million tonnes from 2021-22)
3. Maize: 35.9 million tonnes (up 1.4 million tonnes from 2021-22)
4. Gram: 11.6 million tonnes (up 1.1 million tonnes from 2021-22)
5. Pulses: 27.5 million tonnes (up 0.9 million tonnes from 2021-22)
6. Rapeseed and mustard: 12.4 million tonnes (up 1.5 million tonnes from 2021-22)
7. Oilseeds: 41 million tonnes (up 1.9 million tonnes from 2021-22)
8. Sugarcane: 392.2 million tonnes (up 12.2 million tonnes from 2021-22)
However, Kharif food grains, cotton, groundnut, jute, castor have witnessed a decline.
Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation – According to the Third Advance Estimates for 2022-23 released by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, the following crops have experienced a rise in production during the period of 2022-23:
1. Rice: 135.5 million tonnes (up 6.7 million tonnes from 2021-22)
2. Wheat: 112.7 million tonnes (up 5 million tonnes from 2021-22)
3. Maize: 35.9 million tonnes (up 1.4 million tonnes from 2021-22)
4. Gram: 11.6 million tonnes (up 1.1 million tonnes from 2021-22)
5. Pulses: 27.5 million tonnes (up 0.9 million tonnes from 2021-22)
6. Rapeseed and mustard: 12.4 million tonnes (up 1.5 million tonnes from 2021-22)
7. Oilseeds: 41 million tonnes (up 1.9 million tonnes from 2021-22)
8. Sugarcane: 392.2 million tonnes (up 12.2 million tonnes from 2021-22)
However, Kharif food grains, cotton, groundnut, jute, castor have witnessed a decline.
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
2 points
With reference to Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) consider the following statements:
1. It is a group of rare and inherited metabolic disorders that affect the body’s ability to process lipids or fats properly.
2. NPD is caused by mutations in genes that code for enzymes that break down cholesterol and other fatty substances.
3. People with NPD Type B can be cured with a gene therapy.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Answer: A Explanation
Statements 1 and 2 are correct.
NPD is a group of rare and inherited metabolic disorders that affect the body’s ability to process lipids or fats properly.
NPD is caused by mutations in genes that code for enzymes that break down cholesterol and other fatty substances.
Statement 3 is incorrect. People with NPD Type B cannot be cured with a simple gene therapy. There is no cure for NPD, and gene therapy is still in its early stages of development for this disease.
Incorrect
Answer: A Explanation
Statements 1 and 2 are correct.
NPD is a group of rare and inherited metabolic disorders that affect the body’s ability to process lipids or fats properly.
NPD is caused by mutations in genes that code for enzymes that break down cholesterol and other fatty substances.
Statement 3 is incorrect. People with NPD Type B cannot be cured with a simple gene therapy. There is no cure for NPD, and gene therapy is still in its early stages of development for this disease.
